发布者：上海翻译公司 发布时间：2012-6-25

　　端午节的习俗

　　The Dragon Boat Festival custom

　　端午节习俗至赛龙舟：賽龙舟，是端午节的主要习俗。相传起源于古时楚国人因舍不得贤臣屈原投江死去，许多人划船追赶拯救。他们争先恐后，追至洞庭湖时不见踪迹。之后每年五月五日划龙舟以纪念之。借划龙舟驱散江中之鱼，以免鱼吃掉屈原的身体。竞渡之习，盛行于吴、越、楚。其实 ，“龙舟竞渡”早在战国时代就有了。在急鼓声中划刻成龙形的独木舟，做竞渡游戏，以娱神与乐人，是祭仪中半宗教性、半娱乐性的节目。后来，赛龙舟除纪念屈原之外，在各地人们还付予了不同的寓意。

　　The Dragon Boat Festival custom to dragon boat racing: dragon boat racing, the Dragon Boat Festival is the main customs. It originated in ancient because of a state to princes for qu yuan river died, many people rowing after save. They fight to be the first, after to not observed in dongting lake. A year after the May 5 rowing in memory of it. Borrow rowing dispel the ancient fish, lest fish eat qu yuan's body. The JingDu learned, prevailed in the wu, the more, chu. In fact, "Dragon Boat Festival" as early as in the warring states period. In marking the drums in the shape of a carved Jackie chan canoes, do JingDu game to entertainment gods and happiness, is offering instrument and a half, and entertaining religious program. Later, dragon boat racing in addition to commemorate qu yuan, besides, people all over in the different meaning also grants.

　　江浙地区划龙舟，兼有纪念当地出生的近代女民主革命家秋瑾的意义。夜龙船上，张灯结彩，来往穿梭，水上水下，情景动人，别具情趣。贵州苗族人民在农历五月二十五至二十八举行“龙船节”，以庆祝插秧胜利和预祝五谷丰登。云南傣族同胞则在泼水节赛龙舟，纪念古代英雄岩红窝。不同民族、不同地区，划龙舟的传说有所不同。直到今天在南方的不少临江河湖海的地区，每年端节都要举行富有自己特色的龙舟竞赛活动。

　　The jiangsu and zhejiang provinces area rowing, both born of local modern female democratic revolutionary qiu jin meaning. Night dragon boat, decorations and go through, surface and u天喜丸有助孕功效吗nderwater, scene moving and don't have interest. Miao people in guizhou lunar May 25 to 28 held a "Dragon Boat Festival", in order to celebrate the victory and wish for the grain and make it plentiful rice seedlings. Our compatriots in the water-sprinkling festival is dai in yunnan dragon boat racing, mark ancient hero YanGong nest. Different ethnic groups and different regions and rowing dragon boat legend different. Until today in the southern region of rivers and lakes in the many, every year at the same rich oneself characteristic dragon boat race activities.

　　清乾隆二十九年（1736年），台湾开始举行龙舟竞渡。当时台湾知府蒋元君曾在台南市法华寺半月池主持友谊赛。现在台湾每年五月五日都举行龙舟竞赛。在香港，也举行竞渡。

　　Qing qianlong twenty-nine years (1736), Taiwan to hold Dragon Boat Festival. At that time JiangYuanJun magistrate in Taiwan have tainan city law China temple and half months pool host friendly. Now every year Taiwan May 5, all hold dragon boat race. In Hong Kong, also JingDu held.

　　此外，划龙舟也先后传入邻国日本、越南等及英国。1980年，赛龙舟被列入中国国家体育比赛项目，并每年举行“屈原杯”龙舟赛。1991年6月16日（农历五月初五），在屈原的第二故乡中国湖南岳阳市，举行首届国际龙舟节。在竞渡前，举行了既保存传统仪式又注入新的现代因素的“龙头祭”。 “龙头”被抬入屈子祠内，由运动员给龙头“上红”（披红带）后，主祭人宣读祭文，并为龙头“开光”（即点晴）。然后，参加祭龙的全体人员三鞠躬，龙头即被抬去汩罗江，奔向龙舟赛场。此次参加比赛、交易会和联欢活动的多达60余万人，可谓盛况空前。尔后，湖南便定期举办国际龙舟节。赛龙舟将盛传于世。

　　In addition, rowing also successively introduced to neighbouring Japan, Vietnam, and Britain. In 1980, dragon boat racing is included the Chinese natio男性不孕不育费用nal sports events, and held annual "qu yuan cup" dragon. On June 16, 1991 (the lunar may fifth day), in qu yuan second home China hunan yueyang, held at the first international Dragon Boat Festival. In JingDu ago, held both save traditional ritual and inject new modern factors "leading offering". "Leading" was being carried into the qu yuan in the temple, by athletes to leading "red" (PiGong belt), priest read to the person ritual, and as the leading "dedication" (the point clear). Then, to participate in offering the crew of dragon three bows, bibcock is carried away to the Gu LuoJiang and ran to the dragon boat playing. The play, fair and celebration as many as 60 of more than ten thousand people, is unprecedented. And then, hunan and held international Dragon Boat Festival. Dragon 妇科造影多少钱boat racing will be headed in the world.

　　端午节习俗至吃粽子：端午节吃粽子，这是中国人民的又一传统习俗。粽子，又叫“角黍”、“筒粽”。其由来已久，花样繁多。据记载，早在春秋时期，用菰叶（茭白叶）包黍米成牛角状，称“角黍”；用竹筒装米密封烤熟，称“筒粽”。东汉末年，以草木灰水浸泡黍米，因水中含碱，用菰叶包黍米成四角形，煮熟，成为广东碱水粽。晋代，粽子被正式定为端午节食品。这时，包粽子的原料除糯米外，还添加中药益智仁，煮熟的粽子称“益智粽”。时人周处《岳阳风土记》记载：“俗以菰叶裹黍米，煮之，合烂熟，于五月五日至夏至啖之，一名粽，一名黍。”南北朝时期，出现杂粽。米中掺杂禽兽肉、板栗、红枣、赤豆等，品种增多。粽子还用作交往的礼品。到了唐代，粽子的用米，已“白莹如玉”，其形状出现锥形、菱形。日本文献中就记载有“大唐粽子”。宋朝时，已有“蜜饯粽”，即果品入粽。诗人苏东坡有“时于粽里见杨梅”的诗句。这时还出现用粽子堆成楼台亭阁、木车牛马作的广告，说明宋代吃粽子已很时尚。元、明时期，粽子的包裹料已从菰叶变革为箬叶，后来又出现用芦苇叶包的粽子，附加料已出现豆沙、猪肉、松子仁、枣子、胡桃等等，品种更加丰富多彩。

　　The Dragon Boat Festival custom to eat dumplings: Dragon Boat Festival eating zongzi, this is the Chinese people and a traditional customs. Rice dumplings, also called "JiaoShu", "assistant tube". It has a long history, great variety. According to records, early in the spring and autumn period, with Gu leaves (water bamboo leaves) packet Shu meters into horn, says "JiaoShu"; Use bamboo tube outfit m seal roast, says "cast cylinder. The eastern han dynasty last years to plant ash water immersion Shu meters, because the water containing alkali, with Gu leaves Shu meters into SiJiaoXing bag, cooked, becomes guangdong cast the defiled. Jin dynasty (), rice dumplings were officially as the Dragon Boat Festival food. At this time, the raw material of glutinous rice zongzi in addition to the traditional Chinese medicine also add educational benevolence, cooked rice dumplings says "educational assistant". People in the week the yueyang local conditions to record "records:" the custom of the Gu leaves Shu meters, the cook up, and, in the context of May 5, to enjoy the summer solstice, an assistant, a Shu." In the northern and southern dynasties, appear miscellaneous cast. M beast meat, doping in Chinese chestnut, the red jujube, red bean, variety. Zongzi is also used for communication of the gift. In the tang dynasty, the rice zongzi, already "BaiYing like jade", its shape appear tapered, diamond. Japanese literature records have "datang dumplings". During the song dynasty, had "cast candied fruit", that is, the fruit into the cast. The poet su dongpo have "in the assistant saw Yang mei" verse. Then there LouTaiTingGe piles with rice dumplings, wooden vehicle horses advertising, explain the song dynasty rice dumplings already very fashionable. Yuan, Ming period, the package material from rice dumplings has Gu leaves change for Ruo leaves, then appear with reed leaves the package dumplings, with charging already appear bean paste, pork, pine nuts, dates, walnut, and so on, breed more rich and colorful.

　　一直到今天，每年五月初，中国百姓家家都要浸糯米、洗粽叶、包粽子，其花色品种更为繁多。从馅料看，北方多包小枣的北京枣粽；南方则有豆沙、鲜肉、火腿、蛋黄等多种馅料，其中以浙江嘉兴粽子为代表。吃粽子的风俗，千百年来，在中国盛行不衰，而且流传到朝鲜、日本及东南亚诸国。

　　Until today, every year in early may, Chinese people every family to be baptized, and wash the leaf, glutinous rice zongzi, its design and color variety is more variety. From stuffing look, the north XiaoZao many packets of Beijing cast jujube; The south is the bean paste, fresh, ham, egg yolk and so on many kinds of fillings, among them with zhejiang jiaxing zongzi represented. The custom of eating zongzi, one thousand years, in the Chinese popular continuously, and spread to north Korea, Japan and southeast Asian countries.

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